Jekyll & Hyde • Lesson 8 C1 Advanced / C2 Proficiency ⏱ 20 Mins

Lesson 8: Dr Lanyon's Midnight Visitor

Master Not until... did... and So + Adjective + be + Subject inversions through Dr Lanyon's shocking midnight encounter in Chapter 9.

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Chapter 9 • Dr Lanyon's Narrative Cavendish Square, Midnight (1886)
What You'll Learn in This Lesson

Delayed & Degree Inversions

1. Not until / Only when (Second-Clause Inversion) Invert the main clause, not the first clause → "Not until the smoke cleared did Lanyon see his face."
2. So + Adjective + be + Subject + that Emphasizes degree → "So strange was his outfit that Lanyon stared in shock."
3. Vocabulary of Disguise & Contrast facade, duplicity, incongruous, repugnance

1. Read the Scene & Useful Vocabulary

Jekyll & Hyde • Chapter 9

Read Dr Hastie Lanyon's account of the night Edward Hyde came to his house at midnight in Dr Jekyll's oversized clothes, mixed a chemical potion, and transformed before his eyes:

Original Novel Extract (1886)
"This person was strangely dressed in clothes far too large for him, which made his figure look almost ludicrous; yet far from moving me to laughter, his presence inspired a curiosity and disgust that I could scarcely control... He measured out a few minims of the red tincture and added one of the powders. The mixture, which was at first of a reddish hue, began, in proportion as the crystals melted, to brighten in colour, to effervesce audibly, and to throw off small fumes of vapour. Suddenly and at the same moment, the ebullition ceased and the compound changed to a dark purple, which faded again more slowly to a watery green. He put the glass to his lips and drank at one gulp. A cry followed; he reeled, staggered, clutched at the table and held on, staring with injected eyes, gasping with open mouth; and as I looked there came, I thought, a change—he seemed to swell—his face became suddenly black and the features seemed to melt and alter—and the next moment, I had sprung to my feet and leaped back against the wall, my arm raised to shield me from that prodigy, my mind submerged in terror. 'O God!' I screamed, and 'O God!' again and again; for there before my eyes—pale and shaken, and half-fainting, and groping before him with his hands, like a man restored from death—there stood Henry Jekyll!" — R.L. Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886), Chapter 9: Dr Lanyon's Narrative Original Text
Old-Fashioned Words (Just for Reading) 1880s Terms
19th-century medical measurements and clothing terms from Chapter 9.
Minim [noun, historical] A Victorian apothecary measurement equal to a single drop of liquid.
Phial [noun, archaic spelling] Older spelling of vial (a small glass bottle for medicine).
Hansom [noun, historical] A two-wheeled horse-drawn cab in Victorian London.
Modern C1/C2 Words (Great for Exams) Use in Writing & Speaking
High-value vocabulary for essays and reviews about appearances, honesty, and contrast.
Facade [noun] A false outward appearance that hides a less pleasant reality (or the front wall of a building). Collocations: behind a polite facade, maintain a cheerful facade.
Duplicity [noun] Deceitfulness; pretending to have one set of feelings while acting differently in secret. Collocations: accused of duplicity, political duplicity.
Incongruous [adjective] Strange and out of place in a particular setting. Collocations: look completely incongruous, an incongruous detail.
Repugnance [noun] / Repugnant [adj] Intense disgust or moral revulsion. Collocations: morally repugnant, feel a deep repugnance toward.
Task 1: Vocabulary Check (4 Marks). Classify each word as a Modern C1/C2 Word or an Old-Fashioned Word:

2. The Grammar Pattern: "Not Until" & "So + Adjective" Inversion

C1/C2 Sentence Control

Two of the most frequently tested inversions in Cambridge Use of English Part 4 are Not until / Only when and So + Adjective. Here is the exact trick to getting them right every time:

1. Not until / Only when (Wait for the Main Clause!)

When a sentence starts with Not until or Only when + time clause, keep the first clause normal and invert the second clause:

• Not until Hyde drank the potion did Lanyon realise the truth.
(NOT: *Not until did Hyde drink...)

2. So + Adjective + be + Subject + that

Move So + adjective to the front and put was / were / is / are before the subject:

• Normal: His clothes were so incongruous that Lanyon stared.
• Inverted: So incongruous were his clothes that Lanyon stared.

3. Such + be + Noun + that

With a noun (instead of an adjective), start with Such was/is... that:

• Such was Lanyon's shock that he could never recover.
(= Lanyon's shock was so great that...)

4. Far from + -ing

A great C1/C2 opener meaning "Instead of doing X, it did the exact opposite":

• Far from making Lanyon laugh, the visitor's clothes filled him with dread.

Quick Grammar Check (3 Marks):

5. Which sentence puts the inversion in the right place after Not until?
6. Complete this sentence accurately: "So incongruous _______ that Lanyon initially thought his visitor was mad."
7. Which form of the verb follows "Far from..." at the start of a sentence?

3. Cambridge Use of English Part 4: Key Word Transformations

2 Marks Each (10 Marks Total)

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. Use between 3 and 8 words, including the key word.

8. Lanyon had never witnessed such a shocking transformation in all his medical career.
WITNESSED
a shocking transformation in all his medical career.
9. Immediately after the crystals melted, the liquid changed colour from red to green.
MELTED
the liquid changed colour from red to green.
10. Lanyon had no suspicion at all that the midnight visitor was really Henry Jekyll.
SUSPECT
midnight visitor was really Henry Jekyll.
11. Lanyon only recognised his colleague after the monstrous facade had melted away.
UNTIL
Lanyon recognise his colleague.
12. The visitor's outfit was so incongruous that Lanyon initially thought he was mad.
INCONGRUOUS
that Lanyon initially thought he was mad.

4. From Classic Fiction to Modern Exam Writing

Real-World C1/C2 Application

See how Not until... did..., Far from + -ing, and words like facade and incongruous work naturally in a modern Cambridge C1/C2 Review or Essay:

In Lanyon's Narrative (1886)
"Far from moving me to laughter, his incongruous appearance filled me with disgust. Not until he drank the potion did I realise what lay behind Henry Jekyll's respectable facade."
In a Modern C1/C2 Film/Architecture Review
"Far from spoiling the historic square, the glass museum extension looks surprisingly natural beside the older stone buildings—never once feeling incongruous. Not until you step behind the building's quiet street facade do you realise how spacious the exhibition halls actually are."

Modern Exam Writing Practice (Questions 13–15 • 3 Marks)

Choose the most natural, accurate C1/C2 sentence for a modern essay or review: